Dogs can be not only wonderful family companions, but helpful tools for a variety of professions. Homestead guard dogs can make the difference in keeping livestock safe from predators. However, not all dogs are good fits for this admittedly challenging job. Some breeds have been refined for centuries for the specific purpose of homestead guarding. These breeds are often known as Livestock Guardian Dogs, or LGDs. LGDs are calm, trainable, and have low prey drives so they can work with a variety of animals.
While many dogs can become successful homestead guard dogs, the breeds listed here are known for high success rates and trainability. Remember that dogs should be set up for success with daily training sessions – even the smartest breeds can’t learn without a good teacher!
1. Anatolian Shepherd
The Anatolian Shepherd originated in Turkey as a guardian to flocks of sheep and goats. This massive breed can reach 150 pounds, yet they easily blend in with the livestock they protect due to their light-colored, fluffy coats. This homestead guard dog is known to be especially skilled at fending off other canines such as wolves and coyotes. However, they aren’t a good fit for owners who struggle to stay firm. These dogs are stubborn and will try to push your buttons rather than listen to commands, so be prepared for lots of training.
This breed often makes a good homestead guard dog for those who have children, as they’re affable and get along well with almost everyone in their family. They might not be a good fit if you have plenty of parties, though; this breed is known to be very wary of strangers.
2. Akbash
Another large, fluffy white dog hailing from Turkey, the Akbash is more uncommon than the Anatolian Shepherd, but equally talented. The word akbaş means ‘white head’, and thus distinguishes this dog from the similar Karabaş (Kangal Shepherd Dog), which translates to ‘black head’. This breed’s sole purpose is as a guardian dog, and they have no herding ability. These dogs are fierce when challenged, and will take on larger predators such as wolves and bear. They’re known to be loyal and somewhat easier to train than most homestead guard dogs.
Akbash are only found with solid white coats – if you see a dog with any other coloration claimed to be an Akbash, they are at best an Akbash mix. Most livestock guardian dogs have white coats in order to easily differentiate them from predators of the flocks they protect.
3. Great Pyrenees
The Great Pyrenees is known to be one of the best homestead guard dogs to keep alongside a family. This breed will become fiercely protective of any member of their family, from livestock to children. This breed is also known to be intelligent and to keep a steady temperament, admirable qualities in any breed. These noble dogs will charge into battle against potential predators at the drop of a hat.
However, this quality isn’t great in a suburban neighborhood, where a Great Pyrenees may seem overly aggressive at perceived threats. If you invest in this wonderful breed, be sure you have room to exercise & train them to their heart’s content.
4. Maremma Sheepdog
The Maremma Sheepdog is most popular in Italy, where they originated, but their popularity is growing as more people learn of this wonderful breed. This is another notably stubborn breed; ideally, a Maremma Sheepdog owner will have experience with strong-willed dogs. However, they are incredibly smart – as stubborn as they are, they’re capable of lots of learning. This breed makes a great watchdog, as they’re alert around anyone not recognized as a family member or friend.
This breed is relatively light for a homestead guard dog, but still large and powerful – ranging from 65 to 100 pounds. If you choose to bring this breed home, prepare to not only give them a job, but lots of one-on-one interaction to keep them engaged.
5. Kangal
The Kangal, also known as the Kangal Shepherd Dog, is another large livestock guardian breed originating from Turkey. This beautiful breed is a soft tan with a distinguished black snout. They are known to be gentle and patient with even the youngest children; this breed is almost never violent unless pushed to defend their flock.
During shedding season, grooming for this breed can be intense. But year-round, their short to medium-length coat is more manageable than most of the long-haired breeds on this list.
Setting up homestead guard dogs for success
When determining the homestead guard dog you want to bring to your property, there are multiple factors to consider. The predators you have in your area play a part; some dogs are more effective against certain species. But you also need to consider the needs of the dog as an individual – many of these breeds have high grooming requirements or health risks associated with their breed.
Even when adopting a breed known for particularly skilled guarding abilities, remember that consistency is key with dog training. If you feel that you’re starting to struggle, consider bringing in the help of a professional trainer. Keep training sessions to five to ten-minute increments to prevent boredom for both you and your pup.
