Melatonin is a sedative hormonal supplement used to treat many kinds of anxiety, hyperactivity, restlessness, and other conditions in dogs.
It’s a naturally occurring hormone produced by the pineal gland. Many pet parents prefer to use supplements for their dogs instead of drugs that may contain more chemicals and have harmful side effects.
You can purchase melatonin on Amazon or over the counter, though the FDA has not approved it for use in dogs. You should not give it to your dog without first consulting your veterinarian, as it may react poorly with certain medications, worsen some medical conditions, and pose risks for pregnant dogs or puppies.
It hasn’t been thoroughly studied for side effects in canines, though it’s generally considered to be safe for dogs with a vet’s recommendation. Most pet parents only report rare and minimal side effects.
Here’s what you should know about the uses, dosage, and side effects of melatonin in dogs.
Uses of melatonin for dogs
Melatonin for dogs generally works as a sedative by supplementing the naturally occurring neurohormone produced by the pineal glands. It’s often used to calm dogs who suffer from different types of anxiety, such as separation anxiety or noise anxiety caused by fireworks, thunderstorms, etc.
Melatonin may possibly reduce phobias or panic. Some dogs have been entirely cured of their fear of loud noises with the use of this supplement. However, it may not cure every dog in every situation.
Supplements can also be used to treat dogs who are hyperactive or those who have epilepsy, and there is some evidence that it may treat certain types of alopecia.
Some pet parents give melatonin to dogs to help them sleep at night, especially older dogs who might have disrupted sleep patterns. Canine Cognitive Dysfunction is a condition in dogs that’s similar to Alzheimer’s in humans, and it makes it difficult to sleep.
Melatonin helps reduce restlessness and aids sleep, and its effects usually last for about eight hours.
If your dog suffers from any of these conditions, you must seek your vet’s guidance before trying melatonin.
Dosage of melatonin for dogs
The proper dosage of melatonin for your dog must be determined with the help of a vet. Individual dogs may have different needs based on the conditions being treated.
Some vets recommend introducing melatonin gradually, then increasing the dosage as needed. Always consult your vet before giving your dog supplements or medication.
The usual dosage of melatonin for dogs depends on size. Dogs less than 10 pounds should generally take 1 mg. Dogs 10 to 25 pounds usually take 1.5 mg. For dogs 26 to 100 pounds, 3 mg is recommended. Dogs over 100 pounds may take 3 to 6 mg.
You should not administer these dosages more than three times per day.
Melatonin comes in tablet, capsule, powder, and liquid forms that can be given with or without food. It usually starts working within 10 to 15 minutes after a dog takes it.
Effects last for about eight hours if dogs take the correct dosage. For this reason, pet parents often give it to their dogs immediately before bed to provide a full night of sleep.
You can also purchase chewable melatonin supplements made specifically for dogs, but you must still talk to your vet before giving them to your pet.
Side effects of melatonin in dogs
There are few reported side effects of melatonin in dogs so long as it’s administered correctly and at the proper dosage. In fact, the lack of side effects often makes it a more preferable choice than tranquilizers or other drugs.
Still, there are a few side effects that you should watch out for. Report these to your vet. They may wish to recommend a lower dose or advise a different course of treatment.
Here are a few side effects that some dogs experience:
- Upset stomach and cramps
- Tachycardia (elevated heart rate)
- Itching
- Confusion
- Fertility changes
You should always read the labels on melatonin products. Some contain other ingredients like xylitol, an artificial sweetener that is toxic to dogs.
Some medications may interact poorly with melatonin, and some medical conditions may worsen with use of melatonin. You should always discuss these things with your vet before giving your dog supplements or medication.
Additionally, pregnant dogs or puppies should generally not take melatonin.
